Sample assessment
The feed was iron-based foil pieces. Composition, thickness and initial particle-size distribution were not supplied.
Analyst consideration: For foil, fragmentation and deformation can compete, making morphology important alongside both percentiles. The final median and tail together give a stronger physical endpoint than either one alone.
Recorded objective
Meet D50 = 16–20 µm and D90 = 70 µm as the recorded acceptance requirements.
Equipment and selection
The machine entry is XQM. TENCAN Vertical Planetary Ball Mill is associated at the recorded series level. No exact housing variant is inferred from jar capacity or an abbreviated machine label.
Test setup
| Jar entry | Zirconia jar |
|---|---|
| Media entry | Zirconia balls |
| Media-charge notation | Standard charge; individual specification not recorded |
| Sample-load entry | 25g |
| Controller speed setting | 400 |
| Cycle notation | 5/1 |
Unlabelled jar, media and load numbers remain source notation, not assigned units. Controller settings are not certified rpm. The cycle notation has no independently stated timing unit or reversing definition.
Recorded procedure and results
The setup lists a zirconia jar and media with 25 g material. At thirty minutes little change was observed. After increasing the setting to 500, refinement began by 150 minutes. At 540 minutes the sample gave D50 = 71 µm and D90 = 167 µm. The setting then increased to 550; at fourteen hours the jar was hot and the sample gave D50 = 18.6 µm and D90 = 57.5 µm. The result is marked accepted.
Interpretation
The final D50 lies in the specified interval and D90 is below the recorded 70 µm ceiling. Neither percentile is an all-particle maximum, and the hot-jar observation remains relevant to process transfer.
Practical precautions
Confirm temperature limits and analytical preparation before repetition. Preserve the intermediate percentiles and inspect morphology rather than describing the final material only by its median.
TENCAN alternatives to evaluate
TENCAN Air-Cooled Planetary Ball Mill. Air assistance can be evaluated because the iron-based foil jar was hot at fourteen hours. Measure the sample temperature and retain both final percentiles when comparing cooled and uncooled charges. Air assistance addresses the observed hot jar by removing heat from the working area; a matched trial must still measure the powder temperature and morphology to assess whether that change is useful. This is an untested comparison proposal, not a result of this trial.
Association follows the explicit XQM source entry; only recorded tested series/configurations are related. No jar-volume inference.
About this trial
TENCAN laboratory trial, 2017–2020. Observations above come from this experimental record; selection considerations and proposed comparisons are engineering interpretation. Results apply to this sample and recorded conditions.